Differences

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--- chuleta_kvm [2018/02/27 22:50] – etfiat
+++ chuleta_kvm [2023/03/17 17:00] (current) – [Modos de red] etfiat
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ===== KVM =====
+==== Crear imagen ====
+<code>
+qemu-img create -f qcow2 image.img 10G
+</code>
+==== Get images info ====
+<code>
+qemu-img info /route/example.img
+</code>
+==== Convert image from qcow2 to raw ====
+<code>
+qemu-img convert -f qcow1 -O raw /var/lib/libvirt/images/kvm2.img /var/lib/libvirt/images/kvm2_new.img
+qemu-img convert -f vpc -O qcow2
+</code>
+==== Snapshots ====
+<code>
+qemu-img create -f qcow2 -F qcow2 -b win10.qcow2 win10_UOC_DB.img
+</code>
-=== KVM con I/O iscsi paravirtualizado soporte trim optimizados ceros===
+=== KVM con I/O iscsi paravirtualizado soporte trim optimizados ceros y teclado español===
 <code>
-qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4000  -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi -device scsi-hd,drive=hd  -drive if=none,discard=on,detect-zeroes=on,file=debian.cow,id=hd
+qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4000  -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi -device scsi-hd,drive=hd  -drive if=none,discard=on,detect-zeroes=on,file=debian.cow,id=hd -k es
 </code>
@@ Line 38: / Line 55: @@
 ==== Ubuntu + KVM + VNC ====
   * El arranque correcto con vnc requiere quitar de la linea boot la opción "splash"
+==== KVM con BIOS uefi ====
+<code>
+kvm -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -m 2G cosa.img
+</code>
+==== KVM con BIOS uefi nueva sintaxis ====
+<code>
+cp /usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS.fd .
+kvm  -drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly=on,file=/usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd \
+     -drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=OVMF_VARS.fd  # requiere copia editable de OVFM_VARS.fd
+</code>
 ==== Modos de red ====
-+ info http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Networking
+  * + info http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Networking
 === User Networking ===
+== Redirección de puertos ==
+<code>
+qemu-system-x86_64  -net nic,model=rtl8139 -net user,hostfwd=tcp::3389-:3389,hostfwd=tcp::1992-:1992
+</code>
 **Cuando usar:**
     * Un modo simple para que la máquina virtual tenga acceso al host, a internet y a recursos de la red local
@@ Line 106: / Line 144: @@
 kvm  -drive file=debian-8.3.0-amd64-netinst.iso,media=cdrom  -drive file=debian.img,if=virtio,format=raw -m 2048 -net bridge -net nic,model=virtio
 </code>
+<code bash>
+# The loopback network interface
+auto lo
+iface lo inet loopback
+allow-hotplug enp10s3f0
+iface enp10s3f0 inet manual
+auto br0
+iface br0 inet static
+   address 155.210.4.98
+   netmask 255.255.255.240
+   network 155.210.4.0
+   broadcast 155.210.4.111
+   gateway 155.210.4.110
+   dns-nameservers 155.210.12.9 155.210.3.12
+   dns-search unizar.es
+   bridge_ports enp10s3f0
+   bridge_stp off
+   bridge_fd 0
+   bridge_maxwait 0
+auto br1
+iface br1 inet static
+        address 10.148.97.254
+        broadcast 10.148.97.255
+        netmask 255.255.255.0
+        network 10.148.97.0
+        dns-nameservers 155.210.12.9 155.210.3.12
+        dns-search unizar.es
+</code>
+==== Pasar dispositivo usb a la VM ====
+<code>
+sudo kvm -m 4000  -cdrom Descargas/Fedora-Games-Live-x86_64-33-1.2.iso -usb --device usb-host,vendorid=0x258a,productid=0x0027
+</code>
+==== Bridges en interfaces con vlan ====
+<code>
+# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
+# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
+source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
+# The loopback network interface
+auto lo
+iface lo inet loopback
+# The primary network interface
+vlan-raw-device eno1
+#auto eno1.516
+#iface eno1.516 inet static
+#       address 10.0.4.207
+#       netmask 255.255.255.0
+#       gateway 10.0.4.254
+auto eno1.516
+iface eno1.516 inet manual
+auto brblades
+iface brblades inet static
+        address 10.0.4.207
+        netmask 255.255.255.0
+        gateway 10.0.4.254
+        bridge_ports eno1.516
+        bridge_stp off
+        bridge_fd 0
+        bridgeç_maxwait 0
+#auto eno1.1105
+#iface eno1.1105 inet static
+#       address 172.16.200.101
+#       netmask 255.255.255.0
+auto eno1.1105
+iface eno1.1105 inet manual
+auto brceph
+        iface brceph inet static
+        address 172.16.200.101
+        netmask 255.255.255.0
+        bridge_ports eno1.1105
+        bridge_stp off
+        bridge_fd 0
+        bridge_maxwait 0
+</code>
+==== Bridged network sintaxis nueva ====
+<code>
+qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm                                                           \
+ -m 4096 frontal.img                                                                      \
+ -device e1000,netdev=net0,mac=DE:AD:BE:EF:00:FA                                         \
+ -netdev tap,id=net0,script=/etc/kvm/kvm-brblades-ifup,downscript=/etc/kvm/kvm-ifdown    \
+ -device e1000,netdev=net1,mac=DE:AD:BE:EF:00:FB                                         \
+ -netdev tap,id=net1,script=/etc/kvm/kvm-brceph-iup,downscript=/etc/kvm/kvm-ifdown       \
+$ cat /etc/kvm/kvm-brceph-ifup
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Script called by kvm on tap interface creation
+#
+KVM_BR=`basename $0 -ifup | sed -e 's/^[^-]*-\?//'`
+KVM_BRIDGE=${KVM_BR:-$KVM_BRIDGE}
+echo "$0:"
+echo "Adding $1 to bridge interface $KVM_BRIDGE"
+brctl addif "$KVM_BRIDGE" "$1"
+ip link set "$1" up
+$ cat /etc/kvm/kvm-ifdown
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Script called by kvm on tap interface deletion
+#
+KVM_BR=`basename $0 -ifdown|sed -e 's/^[^-]*-\?//'`
+KVM_BRIDGE=${KVM_BR:-$KVM_BRIDGE}
+echo "$0:"
+echo "Removing $1 from bridge $KVM_BRIDGE"
+ip link set "$1" down
+brctl delif "$KVM_BRIDGE" "$1"
+</code>